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Ngo Dinh Diem (Vietnamese: Ngo Dinh Diem (January 3, 1901 – November 2, 1963) was the first President of South Vietnam (1955–1963). In the wake of the French withdrawal from Indochina as a result of the 1954 Geneva Accords, Diem led the effort to create the Republic of Vietnam.<br/><br/> Accruing considerable US support due to his staunch anti-Communism, he achieved victory in a 1955 plebiscite that was widely considered fraudulent. Proclaiming himself the Republic's first President, he demonstrated considerable political skill in the consolidation of his power, and his rule proved authoritarian, elitist, nepotistic, and corrupt.<br/><br/> He was assassinated by an aide of ARVN General Duong Van Minh on November 2, 1963, during a coup d'état that deposed his government.
Tran Le Xuan (born April 15, 1924 in Hanoi, Vietnam), popularly known as Madame Nhu but more properly Madame Ngo Dinh Nhu, was considered the First Lady of South Vietnam from 1955 to 1963. She was the wife of Ngo Dinh Nhu, brother and chief adviser to President Ngo Dinh Diem.<br/><br/> As Diem was a lifelong bachelor, and because the Nhus lived in the Independence Palace, she was considered to be the First Lady. Diem often appointed relatives to high positions, so her father became the ambassador to the United States while her mother, a former beauty queen, was South Vietnam's observer at the United Nations. Two of her uncles were cabinet ministers.<br/><br/> Madame Nhu was chauffeured in a black Mercedes and wore a small diamond crucifix. She also wore form-fitting apparel so tight that one French correspondent suggestively described her as, 'molded into her ... dress like a dagger in its sheath'. On formal occasions, she wore red satin pantaloons with three vertical pleats, which was the mark of the highest-ranking women of the imperial court in ancient Annam.<br/><br/> After the overthrow of the Diem government in 1963, Madame Nhu went into exile in France and died at Rome, Italy, in 2011.
Tran Le Xuan (born April 15, 1924 in Hanoi, Vietnam), popularly known as Madame Nhu but more properly Madame Ngo Dinh Nhu, was considered the First Lady of South Vietnam from 1955 to 1963. She was the wife of Ngo Dinh Nhu, brother and chief adviser to President Ngo Dinh Diem.<br/><br/> As Diem was a lifelong bachelor, and because the Nhus lived in the Independence Palace, she was considered to be the First Lady. Diem often appointed relatives to high positions, so her father became the ambassador to the United States while her mother, a former beauty queen, was South Vietnam's observer at the United Nations. Two of her uncles were cabinet ministers.<br/><br/> Madame Nhu was chauffeured in a black Mercedes and wore a small diamond crucifix. She also wore form-fitting apparel so tight that one French correspondent suggestively described her as, 'molded into her ... dress like a dagger in its sheath'. On formal occasions, she wore red satin pantaloons with three vertical pleats, which was the mark of the highest-ranking women of the imperial court in ancient Annam.<br/><br/> After the overthrow of the Diem government in 1963, Madame Nhu went into exile in France and died at Rome, Italy, in 2011.
Ngo Dinh Diem (Vietnamese: Ngo Dinh Diem (January 3, 1901 – November 2, 1963) was the first President of South Vietnam (1955–1963). In the wake of the French withdrawal from Indochina as a result of the 1954 Geneva Accords, Diem led the effort to create the Republic of Vietnam.<br/><br/> Accruing considerable US support due to his staunch anti-Communism, he achieved victory in a 1955 plebiscite that was widely considered fraudulent. Proclaiming himself the Republic's first President, he demonstrated considerable political skill in the consolidation of his power, and his rule proved authoritarian, elitist, nepotistic, and corrupt.<br/><br/> He was assassinated by an aide of ARVN General Duong Van Minh on November 2, 1963, during a coup d'état that deposed his government.
Tran Le Xuan (born April 15, 1924 in Hanoi, Vietnam), popularly known as Madame Nhu but more properly Madame Ngo Dinh Nhu, was considered the First Lady of South Vietnam from 1955 to 1963. She was the wife of Ngo Dinh Nhu, brother and chief adviser to President Ngo Dinh Diem.<br/><br/> As Diem was a lifelong bachelor, and because the Nhus lived in the Independence Palace, she was considered to be the First Lady. Diem often appointed relatives to high positions, so her father became the ambassador to the United States while her mother, a former beauty queen, was South Vietnam's observer at the United Nations. Two of her uncles were cabinet ministers.<br/><br/> Madame Nhu was chauffeured in a black Mercedes and wore a small diamond crucifix. She also wore form-fitting apparel so tight that one French correspondent suggestively described her as, 'molded into her ... dress like a dagger in its sheath'. On formal occasions, she wore red satin pantaloons with three vertical pleats, which was the mark of the highest-ranking women of the imperial court in ancient Annam.<br/><br/> After the overthrow of the Diem government in 1963, Madame Nhu went into exile in France and died at Rome, Italy, in 2011.
Ngo Dinh Diem (Vietnamese: Ngo Dinh Diem (January 3, 1901 – November 2, 1963) was the first President of South Vietnam (1955–1963). In the wake of the French withdrawal from Indochina as a result of the 1954 Geneva Accords, Diem led the effort to create the Republic of Vietnam. Accruing considerable US support due to his staunch anti-Communism, he achieved victory in a 1955 plebiscite that was widely considered fraudulent. Proclaiming himself the Republic's first President, he demonstrated considerable political skill in the consolidation of his power, and his rule proved authoritarian, elitist, nepotistic, and corrupt. He was assassinated by an aide of ARVN General Duong Van Minh on November 2, 1963, during a coup d'état that deposed his government.
Tran Le Xuan (April 15, 1924 – April 24, 2011), popularly known as Madame Nhu but more properly Madame Ngo Dinh Nhu, was considered the First Lady of South Vietnam from 1955 to 1963. She was the wife of Ngo Dinh Nhu, brother and chief adviser to President Ngo Dinh Diem. As Diem was a lifelong bachelor, and because the Nhus lived in the Independence Palace, she was considered to be the First Lady.<br/><br/> Ngô Ðình Nhu (October 7, 1910 – November 2, 1963) was the younger brother and chief political advisor of South Vietnam's first president, Ngô Ðình Diệm. Nhu was widely regarded as the architect of the Ngô family's nepotistic and autocratic rule over South Vietnam from 1955 to 1963. Although Nhu did not hold a formal executive position, he wielded immense unofficial power, exercising personal command of both the ARVN Special Forces (a paramilitary unit which served as the Ngô family's de facto private army) and the Cần Lao Party, which served as the regime's de facto secret police.